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Grammatical article in English language

The () is a grammatical commodity in English language, denoting persons or things already mentioned, under discussion, implied or otherwise presumed familiar to listeners, readers, or speakers. It is the definite article in English. The is the nigh oft used word in the English language language; studies and analyses of texts accept establish it to account for seven percent of all printed English-language words.^[one] It is derived from gendered manufactures in Old English which combined in Middle English and now has a single course used with pronouns of any gender.^[a] The discussion can be used with both atypical and plural nouns, and with a noun that starts with any letter. This is different from many other languages, which have dissimilar forms of the definite commodity for different genders or numbers.

Pronunciation

In virtually dialects, "the" is pronounced every bit /ðə/ (with the voiced dental fricative /ð/ followed by a schwa) when followed by a consonant sound, and as /ðiː/ (homophone of pronoun thee) when followed by a vowel sound or used as an emphatic grade.^[2]

Modern American and New Zealand English have an increasing tendency to limit usage of /ðiː/ pronunciation and use /ðə/, even before a vowel.^{[3] [4]}

Sometimes the give-and-take "the" is pronounced /ðiː/, with stress, to emphasise that something is unique: "he is the expert", non just "an" expert in a field.

Adverbial

Definite article principles in English language are described under "Use of manufactures". The, as in phrases like "the more the better", has a singled-out origin and etymology and past chance has evolved to be identical to the definite article.^[5]

Article

The and that are common developments from the aforementioned Sometime English organization. Onetime English had a definite article se (in the masculine gender), sēo (feminine), and þæt (neuter). In Eye English language, these had all merged into þe, the ancestor of the Modern English word the.^[6]

Geographic usage

An area in which the employ or non-use of the is sometimes problematic is with geographic names:

• notable natural landmarks – rivers, seas, mountain ranges, deserts, isle groups (archipelagoes) and and so on – are generally used with a "the" definite article (the Rhine, the North Body of water, the Alps, the Sahara, the Hebrides).
• continents, private islands, administrative units and settlements mostly exercise non take a "the" article (Europe, Jura, Republic of austria (just the Democracy of Austria), Scandinavia, Yorkshire (but the County of York), Madrid).
• commencement with a common noun followed past of may take the commodity, as in the Isle of Wight or the Isle of Portland (compare Christmas Isle), same applies to names of institutions: Cambridge University, simply the University of Cambridge.
• Some place names include an article, such every bit the Bronx, The Oaks, The Rock, The Birches, The Harrow, The Rower, The Swan, The Valley, The Farrington, The Quarter, The Plains, The Dalles, The Forks, The Village, The Village (NJ), The Village (OK), The Villages, The Village at Castle Pines, The Woodlands, The Pas, the Vatican, The Hyde, the West End, the East Stop, The Hague, or the Metropolis of London (but London). Formerly e.g. Bath, Devizes or White Plains.^[7]
• generally described singular names, the North Island (New Zealand) or the West Country (England), have an article.

Countries and territorial regions are notably mixed, most exclude "the" but in that location are some that adhere to secondary rules:

• derivations from collective mutual nouns such as "kingdom", "republic", "matrimony", etc.: the Central African Republic, the Dominican Republic, the United states, the Great britain, the Soviet Spousal relationship, the United Arab Emirates, including most land full names:^{[8] [9]} the Czech republic (but Czechia), the Russia (but Russia), the Principality of Monaco (only Monaco), the State of Israel (but Israel) and the Commonwealth of Australia (but Commonwealth of australia).^{[10] [eleven] [12]}
• countries in a plural noun: the Netherlands, the Falkland Islands, the Faroe Islands, the Cayman Islands, the Philippines, the Comoros, the Maldives, the Seychelles, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, and The Bahama islands.
• Singular derivations from "island" or "land" that agree administrative rights – Greenland, England, Christmas Island and Norfolk Island – do not accept a "the" definite article.
• derivations from mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc., are sometimes used with an article, fifty-fifty for singular, (the Lebanon, the Sudan, the Yukon, the Congo).^[13] This usage is in pass up, Republic of the gambia remains recommended whereas use of the Argentine for Argentina is considered former-fashioned. Ukraine is occasionally referred to as the Ukraine, a usage that was mutual during the 20th Century, possibly originating with Ukrainian immigrant scholars not fluent in English language referring to the country as then.^[14] Sudan (only the Republic of the Sudan) and South Sudan (but the Democracy of S Sudan) are written nowadays without the article.

Abbreviations

Since "the" is i of the most oftentimes used words in English, at various times brusk abbreviations for it have been found:

• Barred thorn: the earliest abbreviation, information technology is used in manuscripts in the Former English. It is the letter þ with a bold horizontal stroke through the ascender, and information technology represents the discussion þæt, meaning "the" or "that" (neuter nom. / acc.).
• þͤ and þͭ (þ with a superscript e or t) appear in Middle English manuscripts for "þe" and "þat" respectively.
• yͤ and yͭ are adult from þͤ and þͭ and appear in Early Modern manuscripts and in print (come across Ye grade).

Occasional proposals have been made by individuals for an abbreviation. In 1916, Legros & Grant included in their classic printers' handbook Typographical Printing-Surfaces, a proposal for a letter similar to Ħ to stand for "Th", thus abbreviating "the" to ħe.^[15]

In Middle English language, the (þe) was frequently abbreviated as a þ with a minor east above it, similar to the abbreviation for that, which was a þ with a small t above information technology. During the latter Middle English and Early on Modernistic English language periods, the letter thorn (þ) in its common script, or cursive form, came to resemble a y shape. As a outcome, the use of a y with an eastward above it () every bit an abbreviation became common. This can still be seen in reprints of the 1611 edition of the Male monarch James Version of the Bible in places such as Romans fifteen:29, or in the Mayflower Compact. Historically, the commodity was never pronounced with a y sound, even when so written.

The word "The" itself, capitalised, is used as an abridgement in Commonwealth countries for the honorific title "The Right Honourable", as in due east.g. "The Earl Mountbatten of Burma", short for "The Right Honourable Earl Mountbatten of Burma", or "The Prince Charles".^[xvi]

References

1. ^ Norvig, Peter. "English Letter Frequency Counts: Mayzner Revisited".
2. ^ "the – definition". Merriam Webster Online Dictionary.
3. ^ Ladefoged, Peter; Johnson, Keith (2010). A Form in Phonetics (sixth ed.). Boston: Wadsworth. p. 110.
4. ^ Hay, Jennifer (2008). New Zealand English language . Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Printing. p. 44.
5. ^ "the, adv.1." OED Online. Oxford University Press, March 2016. Web. 11 March 2016.
6. ^ "The and That Etymologies". Online Etymology Dictionary . Retrieved eighteen June 2015.
7. ^ "Why is it called The Hague?".
8. ^ "Countries: Designations and abbreviations to employ".
9. ^ "FAO Country Profiles". www.fao.org.
10. ^ "Using 'the' with the Names of Countries".
11. ^ "List of Countries, Territories and Currencies".
12. ^ "UNGEGN World Geographical Names".
13. ^ Swan, Michael How English Works, p. 25
14. ^ Ukraine or "the Ukraine"? by Andrew Gregorovich, infoukes.com
15. ^ "Missed Opportunity for Ligatures".
16. ^ 'The Prefix "The"'. In Titles and Forms of Accost, 21st ed., pp. 8–ix. A & C Blackness, London, 2002.

Notes

1. ^ masculine, feminine, or neuter.

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The

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